IOT : SOIL MOISTURE DETECTION SYSTEM

GLOBAL WARMING ISN'T A PREDICTION. IT'S HAPPENING .

                                                                                        ~ JAMES HANSON.

Planting billions of trees around the world is the best way of taking CO2 out of the atmosphere and solve climate crisis. As they grow they absorb and store CO2 emissions that are driving global heating. IoT projects have gained immense popularity due to their ability to leverage the power of interconnected devices and data to create innovative solutions across various domains. An IoT platform is a software framework or infrastructure that enables the development, deployment, and management of IoT applications and devices. It provides the necessary tools, services, and APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) to connect, collect data from, and control IoT devices, as well as process and analyze the generated data. IoT projects involve integrating sensors, actuators, and communication technologies to enable the seamless exchange of data between physical devices and the internet. These projects range from simple DIY experiments to complex industrial applications, each offering unique opportunities to transform our lives and improve efficiency. Whether it's creating a smart home automation system, monitoring environmental conditions, optimizing energy usage, or developing intelligent transportation systems, applications of IoT open up a world of possibilities for innovation and connectivity. By harnessing the potential of IoT, we can build intelligent and interconnected systems that revolutionize industries, enhance daily life, and pave the way for a more efficient and sustainable future. In this project we will be using nodemcu as a controller and soil moisture sensor for the project.

Analysis tells that 1.7 Bn hectares of treeless land on which 1.2 tn native tree sampling would naturally grow.Tropical areas could have 100% trees covered while others would be more sparsely covered, means on an average about half the are would be under tree canopy.

If every individual on this planet starts planting trees around his residence, climate crisis can be solved in easy way.

How about technology taking care of maintaining trees and watering it regularly. A simple project that shows how we can detect soil moisture and get results on our phone that is connected to that device over wifi.

Circuit diagram:

Code:

#include <ESP8266WiFi.h> #include <Servo.h> Servo servo; //Static IP address configuration IPAddress staticIP(192, 168, 225, 81); //ESP static ip IPAddress gateway(192, 168, 225, 1); //IP Address of your WiFi Router (Gateway) IPAddress subnet(255, 255, 255, 0); //Subnet mask //Define wifi configuration const char* ssid = "YOUR_SSID"; const char* password = "YOUR_WIFI_PASSWORD"; // Create an instance of the server WiFiServer server(80); void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); // prepare GPIO 4 servo.attach(4); //Motor in home position servo.write(90); servo.detach(); delay(100); // Connect to WiFi network Serial.println(); Serial.println(); Serial.print("Connecting to "); Serial.println(ssid); WiFi.begin(ssid, password); //Configuring Static IP WiFi.config(staticIP,gateway,subnet); while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) { delay(500); Serial.print("."); } Serial.println(""); Serial.println("WiFi connected"); // Start the server server.begin(); Serial.println("Server started"); // Print the IP address Serial.println(WiFi.localIP()); } void loop() { // Check if a client has connected WiFiClient client = server.available(); if (!client) { return; } // Wait until the client sends some data // Serial.println("new client"); while(!client.available()){ delay(1); } // Read the first line of the request String req = client.readStringUntil('\r'); //Serial.println(req); //Serial.println("req"); client.flush(); // Match the request int val; Int reading = 0; Float percentage=0; if (req.indexOf("/gpio/0") != -1) val = 0; else if (req.indexOf("/gpio/1") != -1) val = 1; else if(req.indexOf("CHECK_MOISTURE") != -1) { reading= analogRead(0); Percentage = (reading/1024) * 100; client.print(Percentage + ”%”) } // else if(req.indexOf("OFF1") != -1) // { // digitalWrite(D0, HIGH); // } else { client.stop(); return; } client.flush(); // Prepare the response String s = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Type: text/html\r\n\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML>\r\n<html>\r\nGPIO is now "; s += (val)?"high":"low"; s += "</html>\n"; // Send the response to the client //client.print(s); delay(1); Serial.println("Client disconnected"); // The client will actually be disconnected // when the function returns and 'client' object is destroyed }

DESCRIPTION:

ARDUINO SETTINGS:

Most of the code is commented. Some of the important points to highlight

1. In the code we need to change the gateway according to our network.

2. Simple method - (For windows) 

1. Open command prompt - type “ipconfig”

2. Look for “default gateway”. A set of four numbers will be displayed. In my case its 192.168.xxx.1

3. Note this “xxx” number, goto line in the code where “staticIP” is defined and replace the 3rd number  with this number you just found.   

4. Ex: default gateway is 192. 169. 255 .1

So in my code  -

IPAddress staticIP (192, 168, 225, 81); //ESP static ip

IPAddress gateway (192, 168, 225, 1);

3. Next step is changing SSID and password

1. Replace  YOUR_SSID in this line - const char* ssid = "YOUR_SSID" with your wifi name.

2. Replace YOUR_WIFI_PASSWORD in the line const char* password = "YOUR_WIFI_PASSWORD"; with your wifi password.

ANDROID APP SETTINGS:

1. To test the project , open the android app “LINK HERE” , type IP address of the device and same gateway .

2. Now type “CHECK_MOISTURE” keyword into send section and hit send.

In the receive section of the app you will be able to see the response from the arduino device.