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FIRE ALERT SYSTEM CIRCUIT

Title:

Fire alert systems for homes, hospitals, other buildings.

Circuit Diagram:
  Component list:
  • 1 Photo interrupter module
  • 2.Speaker  8 ohms 1 w
  • Ic 555
  • Capacitor c1 – 0.04 uf , c2 0.01 uf,  c3 100 uf 25 v
  • Resistor r1 = 470 ohms,r2 = 4.7k, r3 = 1k ,r4 = 47k
  • Variable resistor vr1 1k.
  • Battery 9v.
  • Wires for connection
Description:

This is a simple fire alert project. This project activates alarm when smoke is detected. Here smoke is detected by photo interrupter module (at bottom left of circuit).

The photo interrupter module consists of an LED and a Photo transistor. The light coming from the led falls directly on the photo transistor, this makes the collector terminal to go ground potential and activates the reset control of 555 timer. If there is an interrupt on the path of LED and Photo transistor such as smoke, the light does not reach the photo-transistor, causing the collector voltage approximately equal to supply voltage which is supplied directly to the reset pin of IC 555, which is wired as astable multivibrator. The high voltage at this pin enables the IC and it produce square waves continuously, which in turn drives the speaker through a coupling capacitor.Thus alert sound is generated.

Applications:
This system can be used in places where fire alert is required. Places like homes, hospitals, banks.
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